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Home › Reti di Calcolatori 2

Capitolo II - Techniques and architectures for QoS

Roberto Bifulco — Fri, 10/17/2008 - 22:39

Per supportare un raggio più ampio di applicazioni, quali le applicazioni multimediali, real time, ecc. è necessario avere una rete globale che offra un servizio migliore rispetto al tradizionale best effort. Inoltre, c'è una richiesta da parte degli ISP di sviluppare nuovi modelli economicamente sostenibili con corrispondenti servizi personalizzati di networking. Questo perché attualmente per garantire un certo servizio l'unica soluzione è fornire una quantità di risorse sempre sovradimensionata, in modo da evitare congestione e rallentamenti.

Per supportare queste innovazioni è necessario introdurre la cosiddetta Quality of Service, in altre parole con QoS si intende che la rete garantisce ad una applicazione un livello di prestazioni sufficiente al suo corretto funzionamento.

Per definire la QoS si adoperano parametri generici, quali ad esempio la larghezza di banda, il delay, la percentuale di pacchetti persi, inoltre si adoperano anche parametri specifici per la particolare applicazione. Chiaramente ciascuno di questi parametri può essere misurato secondo una diversa granularità: micro flow, aggregate flow, population. La QoS è considerata migliore se può essere specificata a granularità fine, con un gran numero di parametri.

Sostanzialmente la QoS si muove su di una scala che da un lato ha il best effort, ossia assenza di QoS e dall'altro la linea dedicata.

  • II.1QoS problems
  • II.2Service Specification
  • II.3Traffic and Service Characterization
    • II.3.1Token Bucket
    • II.3.2Leaky Bucket
    • II.3.3Queue management
    • II.3.4Scheduling
      • II.3.4.1Scheduling policies
      • II.3.4.1.1GPS
  • II.4Parekh-Gallager Theorem
  • II.5QoS Architectures
    • II.5.1Integrated Services (IntServ)
      • II.5.1.1RSVP
      • II.5.1.2IntServ today
    • II.5.2Differentiated Services (DiffServ)
      • II.5.2.1PHB: Expedited Forwarding
      • II.5.2.2PHB: Assured Forwarding
  • II.6QoS in Fast Interconnect
    • II.6.1Flow Control
      • II.6.1.1Flow Control in IBA
      • II.6.1.2Flow Control in ASI
      • II.6.1.3Flow Control in Ethernet
    • II.6.2Congestion control
      • II.6.2.1Congestion Control in IBA
      • II.6.2.2Congestion Control in ASI
‹ Data and media taxonomy up II.1QoS problems ›
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Reti di Calcolatori 2

  • Introduzione
  • Capitolo I - Networks Evolution
    • Communication models
      • Circuit switching
      • Packet Switching
      • Flow Switching
    • A rapidly changing scenario
    • Data and media taxonomy
  • Capitolo II - Techniques and architectures for QoS
    • II.1QoS problems
    • II.2Service Specification
    • II.3Traffic and Service Characterization
      • II.3.1Token Bucket
      • II.3.2Leaky Bucket
      • II.3.3Queue management
      • II.3.4Scheduling
        • II.3.4.1Scheduling policies
        • II.3.4.1.1GPS
    • II.4Parekh-Gallager Theorem
    • II.5QoS Architectures
      • II.5.1Integrated Services (IntServ)
        • II.5.1.1RSVP
        • II.5.1.2IntServ today
      • II.5.2Differentiated Services (DiffServ)
        • II.5.2.1PHB: Expedited Forwarding
        • II.5.2.2PHB: Assured Forwarding
    • II.6QoS in Fast Interconnect
      • II.6.1Flow Control
        • II.6.1.1Flow Control in IBA
        • II.6.1.2Flow Control in ASI
        • II.6.1.3Flow Control in Ethernet
      • II.6.2Congestion control
        • II.6.2.1Congestion Control in IBA
        • II.6.2.2Congestion Control in ASI
  • Capitolo III - Inter-domain routing with BGP
    • III.1Intra-Domain Routing
      • III.1.1Distance Vector
      • III.1.2Link State
    • III.2Inter-domain routing
      • III.2.1Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)
        • III.2.1.1BGP Messages
        • III.2.1.2BGP Example 1
        • III.2.1.3Route preference
        • III.2.1.4The internet organization
        • III.2.1.5BGP in large networks
        • III.2.1.6Confederations
        • III.2.1.7Route Reflectors
        • III.2.1.8The dynamics of BGP
        • III.2.1.9BGP routing tables
        • III.2.1.10The route selection process
  • Capitolo IV - Asynchronous transfer mode
    • ATM architecture
    • ATM Protocol Stack
    • ATM Addressing
    • ATM Quality of Service
    • ATM Adaptation Layer
    • Call and Connection Control
    • ATM in LAN
    • IP over ATM
  • Capitolo V - Multi Protocol Label Switching
    • MPLS
  • Capitolo VI - Traffic Engineering
    • IP-based Traffic Engineering
    • MPLS-based traffic engineering
  • Capitolo VII - SDH/SONET
  • Capitolo VIII - IP su reti ottiche
    • DWDM
    • Generalized Framing Procedure (GFP)
    • Gigabit Ethernet (GbE)
    • IP-centric control of optical networks
  • Capitolo IX - Network Management
    • Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)
    • Network management applications
    • Professional and Business Challanges
    • Service life-cycle
    • Provisioning level Agreement
  • Capitolo X - Network Resiliency
    • Network recovery
    • Recovery Mechanisms Control
  • Capitolo XI - Network security
    • Types of Attack
    • Firewall
    • NAT
    • Intrusion Prevention Systems
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